Data study · Spain · Updated weekly
Which government websites does AI cite in Spain?
When a question touches rules, grants, permits or rights, AI engines reach for official sources. Which ones they cite in Spain, ranked every week from real answers.
11,531
AI answers analysed
68,935
citations
43
brands
28
days of answers
Key findings
- boe.es tops the list. It is cited in the answers for 20 of 43 brands, ahead of gencat.cat (13) and juntadeandalucia.es (13).
- Government and public bodies get 4.1% of third-party citations: 2,639 of 64,743.
- ChatGPT relies on them most: 6.2% of its citations, against 2.2% in Perplexity.
- Each engine has its favourite: boe.es in ChatGPT; europa.eu in Google AI Overviews and Perplexity; comunidad.madrid in Google AI Mode.
- The five most-cited domains take 41.6% of the group’s citations, spread over 128 domains.
- By sector, they weigh most in legal, finance and insurance (18.1% of citations) and least in technology and marketing (0.1%).
Data from Mencoro, October 13, 2026 to November 9, 2026: 11,531 answers to the buyer questions that 43 brands track in Spain. The brands are not named. Last updated on November 10, 2026.
The ranking
Ranked by reach: the number of brands whose AI answers cite the domain at least once, then by citations. Reach says more than volume, because one busy market can pile citations on its own niche sites.
| # | Domain | Brands | Citations | ChatGPT | Google AI Overviews | Google AI Mode | Perplexity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | boe.es | 20 | 162 | 132 | 8 | 10 | 12 |
| 2 | gencat.cat | 13 | 78 | 69 | 2 | 4 | 3 |
| 3 | juntadeandalucia.es | 13 | 59 | 51 | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | comunidad.madrid | 12 | 97 | 36 | 25 | 35 | 1 |
| 5 | europa.eu | 10 | 53 | 25 | 15 | 6 | 7 |
| 6 | miteco.gob.es | 8 | 78 | 45 | 10 | 19 | 4 |
| 7 | agenciatributaria.gob.es | 7 | 49 | 40 | 5 | 4 | 0 |
| 8 | euskadi.eus | 7 | 25 | 19 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
| 9 | madrid.es | 7 | 23 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 10 | asturias.es | 7 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 11 | aragon.es | 6 | 67 | 49 | 4 | 11 | 3 |
| 12 | sanidad.gob.es | 6 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 13 | mites.gob.es | 5 | 35 | 17 | 10 | 8 | 0 |
| 14 | gva.es | 5 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 15 | aemps.gob.es | 4 | 40 | 32 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 16 | madrid.org | 4 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 17 | barcelona.cat | 4 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 18 | sepe.es | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| 19 | lamoncloa.gob.es | 4 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 20 | enac.es | 3 | 676 | 306 | 125 | 186 | 59 |
| 21 | state.gov | 3 | 79 | 66 | 4 | 9 | 0 |
| 22 | govern.ad | 3 | 63 | 47 | 6 | 10 | 0 |
| 23 | idae.es | 3 | 15 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| 24 | administracion.gob.es | 3 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
| 25 | castillalamancha.es | 3 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
| 26 | consumo.gob.es | 3 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| 27 | mapa.gob.es | 3 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| 28 | hacienda.gob.es | 3 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| 29 | cnmc.es | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
By engine
Top in ChatGPT
- 1 boe.es 2%
- 2 juntadeandalucia.es 1%
- 3 gencat.cat 1.2%
- 4 comunidad.madrid 0.8%
- 5 miteco.gob.es 0.7%
- 6 asturias.es 0.3%
- 7 aragon.es 1.3%
- 8 agenciatributaria.gob.es 0.7%
- 9 madrid.es 0.3%
- 10 europa.eu 0.6%
% of answers
Top in Google AI Overviews
- 1 europa.eu 0.6%
- 2 comunidad.madrid 1%
- 3 mites.gob.es 0.4%
- 4 euskadi.eus 0.2%
- 5 miteco.gob.es 0.2%
- 6 boe.es 0.3%
- 7 agenciatributaria.gob.es 0.2%
- 8 aragon.es 0.2%
% of answers
Top in Google AI Mode
- 1 comunidad.madrid 0.9%
- 2 boe.es 0.3%
- 3 aragon.es 0.3%
- 4 mites.gob.es 0.2%
- 5 gencat.cat 0.1%
% of answers
Top in Perplexity
- 1 europa.eu 0.3%
- 2 juntadeandalucia.es 0.1%
- 3 boe.es 0.2%
- 4 miteco.gob.es 0.2%
- 5 madrid.es 0.1%
- 6 gencat.cat 0.1%
% of answers
By sector
Sectors with three or more brands in the data.
Why official sources show up in commercial answers
Many buyer questions have a legal edge: what a service must include, which subsidy applies, what a contract allows. Engines answer those with official sources, and a brand that explains the rule on its own pages, citing the source, becomes a page they can cite next to it.
Official sources also set the facts an engine repeats about a sector. If your pages contradict them, the engine believes the official page.
What to do with this
- List the official pages each engine cites for your questions and check your own pages agree with them.
- Explain the rules that affect your buyers on your own site, linking to the official source. That is the page an engine can cite next to it.
- Keep your registrations, licences and professional memberships visible and linked: they are how engines confirm who you are.
Methodology
- Data: the answers Mencoro captured over the last 28 days for the tracked questions of 43 brands whose market includes Spain, on ChatGPT (with web search), Google AI Overviews, Google AI Mode and Perplexity. Not every brand tracks every engine, and an engine tracked by fewer than three brands is left out.
- What counts: Government and public bodies: the BOE, ministries, regional and local governments, public agencies, regulators and professional associations, plus EU and international bodies (.gob.es, .europa.eu, .gov…).
- Citations: every source link an engine attached to an answer, rolled up to the registrable domain (
es.rs-online.comcounts asrs-online.com). Each brand’s own domains are set apart and reported separately. - Source types: assigned from reviewed lists for the most-cited domains and from rules for the rest (public-sector suffixes, universities); anything unlisted counts as a company website.
- Privacy: the brands are not named, and rankings only list domains cited for three or more brands (two on Perplexity and inside a sector).
- Limits: the questions are commercial questions chosen by each brand, not a random sample of what people ask AI, and the mix of sectors shapes the totals.
- Updates: the report is rebuilt every Tuesday from the latest data. Figures quoted elsewhere may come from an earlier week.
How Mencoro captures each answer is public on how Mencoro works.
How to cite this report
Mencoro, “Which government websites does AI cite in Spain?”, data updated on November 10, 2026, https://mencoro.com/data-studies/top-government-sources/. You are welcome to use the figures and charts with a link to this page.
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What to do with this data
If official sites carry weight in your sector, see whether Google’s AI answers for your keywords cite them, cite you or cite someone else.